关系子句

关系子句在句中并不是不可或缺的元素,纯粹是增添句子的意义,就算去掉了子句,剩下的句子在文法上仍不受影响。关系子句有两种——非限定子句和限定子句,您务必要了解这两者的区别,因为它会决定该用哪个关系代词来引导子句。在「介词在关系子句中的位置」这一页中,会有详细的说明。

限定子句

当我们在一句话中同时提及多个人事物时,限定子句会表明我们指的是何者。如果限定关系子句从句中移除,就会大大地改变了整句话的意思。限定关系子句不会用逗号或括号来与主要子句隔开。

举例
  • The woman who visited me in the hospital was very kind.
  • The umbrella that I bought last week is already broken.
  • The man who stole my backpack has been arrested.
  • The weather that we had this summer was beautiful.

了解如何正确地使用限定关系子句

非限定子句

非限定子句的作用,是对句中论及的人事物给予额外的信息。如果非限定关系子句从句中移除,句子的整体意思并未改变,顶多少了点信息。非限定子句一般会用逗号或括号来与主要子句隔开。

举例
  • The farmer, whose name was Fred, sold us 10 pounds of potatoes.
  • Elephants, which are the largest land mammals, live in herds of 10 or more adults.
  • The author, who graduated from the same university I did, gave a wonderful presentation.
  • My mother, who is 86, lives in Paris.

了解如何正确使用非限定关系子句