不定、不完整的量

当要描述一个不定或不完整的量时，可以在可数和不可数名词前用 some 和 any。

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some 的用法

some 可以用于描述句。

例句

I had some rice for lunch.
He got some books from the library.
I will have some news next week.
Philip wants some help with his exams.
There is some butter in the fridge.

当您对问题的答案已经心里有数，就可以在疑问句用 some。

例句

Did he give you some tea? = 我认为他给了。
Is there some fruit juice in the fridge? = 我认为有。
Would you like some help? = 你可能想。
Will you have some roast beef? = 你可能要。

要求对方提供某物，可以在疑问句用 some。

例句

Could I have some books, please?
Why don't you take some apples home with you?
Would you like some tea?
Will you have some cake?

any 的用法

当不知道答案时，疑问句中会用到 any。

例句

Do you have any friends in London?
Do they have any children?
Do you want any groceries from the shop?
Are there any problems with your work?

any 和 not 也可以同时出现在否定句中，any 可以强调了整句的否定性，让语气更绝对。

例句

She doesn't want any kitchen appliances for Christmas.
They don't need any help moving to their new house.
I don't want any cake.
There isn't any reason to complain.

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