动名词

动名词跟现在分词看起来完全一样，但如果去理解两者之间的差别，会很有帮助。动名词虽然看起来像动词，但作用上跟名词是一样的。动名词的一些用法都会在本页上说明，您也可以参考另一页：接动名词的动词。

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用作主词的动名词

例句

Eating people is wrong.
Hunting tigers is dangerous.
Flying makes me nervous.
Brushing your teeth is important.
Smoking causes lung cancer.

动名词用作 Be 动词的补语

举例

One of his duties is attending meetings.
The hardest thing about learning English is understanding the gerund.
One of life's pleasures is having breakfast in bed.

动名词接在介词后

当动词接在介词后，就必须用动名词。对于某些以介词结尾的片语也是如此，例如 in spite of 和 there's no point in 之类的片语。

举例

Can you sneeze without opening your mouth?
She is good at painting.
She avoided him by walking on the opposite side of the road.
We arrived in Madrid after driving all night.
My father decided against postponing his trip to Hungary.
There's no point in waiting.
In spite of missing the train, we arrived on time.

动名词用在动词片语后

动词片语是由一个动词 + 介词或副词组成。

举例

When will you give up smoking?
She always puts off going to the dentist.
He kept on asking for money.
Jim ended up buying a new TV after his old one broke.

有些动词片语会包含介词 to，例如 to look forward to丶to take to丶to be accustomed to丶to get around to 和 to be used to。在这些情况下，务必要分辨「to」是介词还是不定词，因为这会决定后面是否要接动名词。您可以先查查看 to 是介词还是不定词的一部分。如果可以把代词 it 放在 to 后，可以构成有意义的句子，那么 to 这个字就是介词，而且后面必须接动名词。

举例

I look forward to hearing from you soon.
I look forward to it.
I am used to waiting for buses.
I am used to it.
She didn't really take to studying English.
She didn't really take to it.
When will you get around to mowing the grass?
When will you get around to it?

复合名词中的动名词

在使用动名词的复合名词中，很显然就是名词的意思，而不是持续性动词。例如，「swimming pool」这个字指的是一个可以游泳的池子，而非「游泳中的池子」。

举例

I am giving Sally a driving lesson.
They have a swimming pool in their back yard.
I bought some new running shoes.

动名词接在某些词语后

在 can't help丶can't stand丶to be worth 和 it's no use 等词语后，必须接动名词。

举例

She couldn't help falling in love with him.
I can't stand being stuck in traffic jams.
It's no use trying to escape.
It might be worth phoning the station to check the time of the train.

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动名词