程度副词

程度副词透露动词丶形容词或另一个副词的强度或程度；通常放在其修饰的字词前，不过底下还会再探讨几个例外情况。

程度副词	修饰	举例
extremely	形容词	The water was extremely cold.
quite	形容词	The movie is quite interesting.
just	动词	He was just leaving.
almost	动词	She has almost finished.
very	副词	She is running very fast.
too	副词	You are walking too slowly.
enough	副词	You are running fast enough.

enough 的用法

enough 可用作副词，也可以用作限定词。

用作副词的 enough

有「某程度必要性」之意的副词 enough，会放在其修饰的形容词或副词后，而不是像其他副词一样放在前面。enough 可以用在肯定句和否定句。

Is your coffee hot enough?
This box isn't big enough.
He didn't work hard enough.
I got here early enough.

enough 后面通常会接 to + 不定词。

举例

He didn't work hard enough to pass the exam.
Is your coffee hot enough to drink?
She's not old enough to get married.
I got here early enough to sign up.

enough 后面也可以接 for + 某人或 for + 某物。

举例

The dress was big enough for me.
She's not experienced enough for this job.
Is the coffee hot enough for you?
He didn't work hard enough for a promotion.

用作限定词的 enough

有「足够」之意的限定词 enough 会放在其修饰的名词前面；与可数名词复数或不可数名词连用。

举例

We have enough bread.
You have enough children.
They don't have enough food.
I don't have enough apples.

too 的用法

too 向来都是个副词，但它具有两个截然不同的意思，每个都有特定的用法。

意指「也」的 too

有「也」之意的副词 too 会放在其修饰的片语后。

举例

I would like to go swimming too, if you will let me come.
Can I go to the zoo too?
Is this gift for me too?
I'm not going to clean your room too!

意指「过于」的 too

有「过于」之意的副词 too，会放在其修饰的形容词或副词前。too 可以用在肯定句和否定句。

举例

This coffee is too hot.
He works too hard.
Isn't she too young?
I am not too short!

too 后面经常接 to + 不定词。

举例

The coffee was too hot to drink.
You're too young to have grandchildren!
I am not too tired to go out tonight.
Don't you work too hard to have any free time?

too 后面也可以接 for + 某人或 for + 某物。

举例

The coffee was too hot for me.
The dress was too small for her.
He's not too old for this job.
Sally's not too slow for our team.

very 的用法

very 会放在副词或形容词之前，用来加强意思。

举例

The girl was very beautiful.
The house is very expensive.
He worked very quickly.
She runs very fast.

如果想表达形容词或副词的相反意思，有几种方式：可以在动词加上 not，若要委婉丶更有礼貌的说法则是用 not very，或者乾脆用反义的形容词或副词来表达。这几种说法都可以表达否定或反义，但意思上不尽相同。

举例

原始说法	以 not 表达相反的意思	以 not very 表达相反的意思	以反义字表达相反的意思
The girl was beautiful.	The girl was not beautiful.	The girl was not very beautiful.	The girl was ugly.
He worked quickly.	He did not work quickly.	He did not work very quickly.	He worked slowly.

very 和 too 在意思上的不同

too 和 very 之间的意思有很大的不同；very 表达的是事实，也是个人可接受的范围；而 too 则是透露某件事有问题，超出个人可接受的范围。

举例

He speaks very quickly.
He speaks too quickly for me to understand.
It is very hot outside.
It is too hot outside to go for a walk.

类似 very 的其他副词

有些常见的副词跟 very 的用法类似，用来加强形容词和副词的程度。

表达非常强烈的感觉	表达强烈的感觉	表达有点含糊的感觉
extremely, terribly, amazingly, wonderfully, insanely	especially, particularly, uncommonly, unusually, remarkably, quite	pretty, rather, fairly, not especially, not particularly
The movie was amazingly interesting.	The movie was particularly interesting.	The movie was fairly interesting.
She sang wonderfully well.	She sang unusually well.	She sang pretty well.
The lecture was terribly boring.	The lecture was quite boring.	The lecture was rather boring.

带有否定副词的倒装句

一般主词都会在动词之前，但有些否定副词放在句首时，就会造成倒装。在此情况下字序会相反，且动词会出现在主词前。倒装句一般用在书面上，口语上不太会这样用。

副词	一般字序	倒装
Never	I have never seen such courage.	Never have I seen such courage.
Rarely	She rarely left the house.	Rarely did she leave the house.
Not only	She did not only the cooking but the cleaning as well.	Not only did she do the cooking, but the cleaning as well.
Scarcely	I scarcely closed the door before he started talking.	Scarcely did I close the door before he started talking.
Seldom	We seldom cross the river after sunset.	Seldom do we cross the river sunset.